Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH:

\(MgCO_3+H_2SO_4--->MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\)

\(MgSO_4+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)

b. Theo PT: \(n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,03.84=2,52\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_4}=6-2,52=3,48\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{MgCO_3}}=\dfrac{2,52}{6}.100\%=42\%\)

\(\%_{m_{MgSO_4}}=100\%-42\%=58\%\)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_4}=0,03.120=3,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_{4_{thu.được.sau.phản.ứng}}}=3,6+3,48=7,08\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{14,8}.100\%\approx72,97\%\\\%m_{MgO}\approx27,03\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{14,8-0,4.27}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}+n_{MgO}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,7.98=68,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{68,6}{10\%}=686\left(g\right)\)

c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 14,8 + 686 - 0,6.2 = 699,6 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,2.342}{699,6}.100\%\approx9,78\%\\C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{699,6}.100\%\approx1,72\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

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Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl₂ + H₂ (1)

MgO + 2HCl ---> MgCl₂ + H₂O (2)

Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)

=> \(\%_{m_{Mg}}=\dfrac{1,2}{9,2}.100\%=13,04\%\)

\(\%_{m_{MgO}}=100\%-13,04\%=86,96\%\)

a)

Gọi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 27a + 56b = 1,66(1)

\(2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe +2 HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)

Theo PTHH :

\(n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(2)\)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,02 ; b = 0,02

Vậy :

\(\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,02.27}{1,66}.100\% = 32,53\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 32,53\% = 67,47\%\)

a)

\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,05.2 = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,1.36,5}{100}.100\% = 3,65\%\)

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

        1          2            1           1

       0,2       0,4         0,2         0,2

      \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O|\)

          1            6               2              3

         0,2         1,2            0,4

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe2O3}=27,2-11,2=16\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Fe = \(\dfrac{11,2.100}{27,2}=41,18\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀Fe₂O₃ = \(\dfrac{16.100}{27,2}=58,82\)⁰/₀

b) Có : \(m_{Fe2O3}=16\left(g\right)\)

 \(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,4+1,2=1,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{1,6}{2}=0,8\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

   \(n_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{1,2.2}{6}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

  \(C_{M_{FeCl2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

  \(C_{M_{FeCl3}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,8}=0,5\left(M\right)\)

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Bài 2 : 

a)

$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$n_{H_2} = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,5(mol)$
$m_{HCl} = 0,5.36,5 = 18,25(gam)$

b)

Bảo toàn khối lượng : 

$m_A = 22,85 + 0,25.2 - 18,25 = 5,1(gam)$

\(a) Zn + 2H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + SO_2 + 2H_2O\\ ZnO + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2O\\ n_{Zn} = n_{SO_2} = \dfrac{1,568}{22,4} = 0,07(mol)\\ m_{Zn} = 0,07.65 = 4,55(gam)\\ m_{ZnO} = 16,7-4,55 = 12,15(gam)\\ b) n_{ZnSO_4} = n_{Zn} + n_{ZnO} = 0,07 +\dfrac{12,15}{81} = 0,22(mol)\\ m_{ZnSO_4} = 0,22.161 =35,42(gam) \)

nSO2=1,568/22,4=0,07 mol

Zn + 2H2SO4 đ -to--> ZnSO4 + SO2 + H2O

0,07                                0,07     0,07                mol

=>mZn=0,07*65=4,55 g

=>mZnO=16,74,55=12,15 g

nZnO=12,15/81=0,15 mol

ZnO + H2SO4 đ -to--> ZnSo4 +H2O

0,15                                   0,15

=>nZnSO4 =0,15+0,07=0,22 mol

=> mZnSo4=0,22*161=35,42 g

a) PTHH: \(Zn+2H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\xrightarrow[]{t^o}ZnSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\)

                \(ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1,568}{22,4}=0,07\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,07\cdot65=4,55\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=12,15\left(g\right)\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{12,15}{81}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo các PTHH: \(\Sigma n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}+n_{ZnO}=0,07+0,15=0,22\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,22\cdot161=35,42\left(g\right)\)